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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">435</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55308/1560-9510-2022-26-1-24-28</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pathology of the enteral nervous system in children with anorectal malformations</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Патология энтеральной нервной системы у детей с аноректальными пороками развития</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-5987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pimenova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пименова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5730-3684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolev</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королев</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Grigoriy А. Korolev</bold>, resident, department of pediatric surgery and urology-andrology </p><p>Moscow, 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Королев Григорий Алексеевич</bold> – клинический ординатор кафедры детской хирургии и урологии-андрологии им. Л.П. Александрова </p><p>119991, Москва</p></bio><email>KorolevG.A@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (Сеченовский Университет)»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-04-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-04-11"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2023-04-11"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/435">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/435</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> The review describes a pathology of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in patients with anorectal malformations<italic> </italic>(ARM). Functional gastrointestinal disorders in children with APM after anorectoplasty (bowel impaction, constipation and fecal<italic> </italic>incontinence) is an actual problem in pediatric surgery.<italic/><bold>Materials.</bold> Literature searches was done in Scopus, PubMed, Google Scolar and eLibrary databases.<italic/><bold>Results.</bold> Reasons of unsatisfactory outcomes after the treatment are various: underdevelopment of pelvic floor muscles, low<italic> </italic>sacral ratio, redo procedures. In recent years, a certain attention has been paid to the pathology of enteric nervous system<italic> </italic>in the structure of ARM pathologies, since the intrauterine migration of neuroblasts and formation of the intestinal neuronal<italic> </italic>network are inextricably linked with the hindgut anlage. At the same time, literature on ENS state in children with anorectal<italic> </italic>transformations is not numerous and scattered. Impairments in ENS development in patients with ARM, by different authors,<italic> </italic>ranges from 3.5 to 94%. By findings of multicenter trials, the incidence of true agangliosis (Hirschsprung’s disease) in children<italic> </italic>with ARM is low (up to 3.4%).<italic/><bold>Conclusion.</bold> ARM is a group of congenital malformations of the anorectal region. The quality of life of such patients often worsens after<italic> </italic>surgery due to functional disorders, such as incomplete bowel movements, constipation and fecal incontinence. Further researches are needed to identify changes in ENS in patients with anorectal malformations in order to correct management tactics and improve their<italic> </italic>quality of life after surgery.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Статья посвящена проблемам порока развития энтеральной нервной системы (ЭНС) у пациентов с аноректальными мальформациями (АРМ). Функциональные нарушения желудочно-кишечного тракта у пациентов с АРМ после аноректопластики (неполное опорожнение кишечника, запоры и недержание кала) являются актуальной проблемой детской<italic> </italic>хирургии.<italic/><bold>Материалы.</bold> Поиск источников литературы по теме проводился с использованием баз данных Scopus, PubMed, Google Scolar<italic> </italic>и eLibrary.<italic/><bold>Результаты.</bold> Причины неудовлетворительных результатов лечения многочисленны: недоразвитие мышц тазового дна, аномалии развития крестцово-копчиковой области, повторные операции. В последние годы определённое внимание уделяется<italic> </italic>патологии энтеральной нервной системы в структуре АРМ, так как внутриутробная миграция нейробластов и формирование нейрональной сети кишечника идет в неразрывной связи с закладкой задней кишки. При этом в источниках литературы<italic> </italic>информация о состоянии ЭНС у детей с аноректальными трансформациями немногочисленна и разрозненна. Нарушение<italic> </italic>развития ЭНС у пациентов с АРМ, по данным разных авторов, колеблется от 3,5 до 94%. Частота истинного аганглиоза<italic> </italic>(болезни Гиршпрунга) у детей с АРМ, по данным многоцентровых исследований, невелика (до 3,4%).<italic/><bold>Заключение.</bold> АРМ – это группа врождённых пороков развития аноректальной области. Качество жизни пациентов после<italic> </italic>операции нередко страдает за счёт развития функциональных нарушений, таких как неполное опорожнение кишечника,<italic> </italic>запоры, недержание кала.<italic/>Необходимы дальнейшие исследования, направленные на выявление изменений ЭНС при аноректальных пороках развития с<italic> </italic>целью коррекции тактики ведения и улучшения качества жизни пациентов после операции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anorectal malformations</kwd><kwd>enteric nervous system</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аноректальные мальформации</kwd><kwd>энтеральная нервная система</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Аверин В.И., Ионов А.Л., Караваева С.А., Комиссаров И.А., Котин А. и др. Аноректальные мальформации у детей (Федеральные клинические рекомендации). Детская хирургия. 2015; 19(4): 29–35. 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