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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">460</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55308/1560-9510-2022-26-2-74-81</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Diffusion tensor imaging in injuries of the cervical spine in children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диффузионно-тензорные изображения при травме шейного отдела позвоночника у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrenko</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитренко</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhadov</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахадов</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Meshcheryakov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мещеряков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельников</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Божко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Zh. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Ж. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ublinskiy</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ублинский</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Maxim V. Ublinskiy</bold>, MD, radiologist, researcher</p><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Максим Вадимович Ублинский, </bold>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник </p><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><email>maxublinsk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Manzhurtsev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манжурцев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhlebinina</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахлебинина</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostikova</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костикова</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusainova</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хусаинова</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 119180</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119180, Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ города Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии» Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-06-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-06-21"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-06-21"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2023-06-21"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/460">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/460</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>The technique of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is widely used in brain examination. However, DTI application for examining the spinal cord, especially in children, is not easy: small dimensions of the spinal cord with a typical low signal-to-noise ratio, artifacts from the respiration and pulsation of the heart and large vessels, as well as from swallowing movements. EPI sequences used to obtain diffusion indices cause eddy current distortions.</p><p><bold>Objective. </bold>To study changes in  DTI parameters of the spinal cord in children with cervical spinal cord injury.</p><p><bold>Material and methods. </bold>56 children aged 2–17 years with cervical spine injury (CSI) and 20 children without CSI were examined with  Phillips Achieva3 T magnetic resonance scanner. The protocol consisted of sagittal STIR, sagittal and axial T1- and T2WI SE and axial DTI. To assess DTI, the following parameters were calculated: apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA), axial (AD) and radial (RD) diffusion coefficients.</p><p><bold>Results.</bold> By ASIA criteria, 29 (51%) children out of 56 had CSI with neurological complications; 27 (49%) had no complications. Neurological dysfunction of degree A was in 13 patients; B – in 3; C – in 9; D – in 4; E – in 27. Average values of  diffusion in patients were: ADC = 0.74 ± 0.12 • 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>−1</sup>, FA = 0.36 ± 0.07, BP = 1.15 + 0.28 • 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>−1</sup>, RD = 0.52 + 0.32 • 10<sup>−3</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s<sup>−1</sup>.</p><p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> DTI can detect changes which cannot be detected by conventional MRI. Low ADC values in the acute injury may indicate spinal cord injury and predict a negative functional outcome.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Методика диффузионно-тензорных изображений (ДТИ) широко используется при исследованиях головного мозга. Однако при исследованиях спинного мозга, особенно в педиатрии, применение ДТИ затруднительно: небольшие размеры спинного мозга, для которого характерно низкое соотношение сигнал/шум, артефакты от дыхания и пульсации сердца и крупных сосудов, глотательных движений. Последовательности EPI, используемые для получения индексов диффузии, также вызывают вихретоковые искажения.</p><p><bold>Цель –</bold> исследовать изменения параметров ДТИ спинного мозга у детей с травмой шейного отдела спинного мозга.</p><p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>56 детей в возрасте от 2 до 17 лет с травмой шейного отдела позвоночника (ТШОП) и 20 детей, у которых не было ТШОП, исследовано на магнитно-резонансном томографе Phillips Achieva 3 Тл. Протокол состоял из сагиттальных STIR, сагиттальных и аксиальных Т1- и Т2ВИ SE и аксиальных ДТИ. Для ДТИ рассчитывались: исчисляемый коэффициент диффузии (ИКД), фракционная анизотропия (ФА), коэффициенты диффузии аксиальной (АД) и радиальной (РД).</p><p><bold>Результаты. </bold>По критериям ASIA по травмам из 56 детей у 29 (51%) ТШОП была с неврологическими осложнениями, у 27 (49%) – без осложнений. Степень нарушения неврологических функций A была у 13, B – у 3, C – у 9, D – у 4, E – у 27 пациентов. Средние показатели диффузии в группе пациентов были: ИКД = 0,74 ± 0,12 • 10<sup>−3</sup> мм<sup>2</sup>/с<sup>−1</sup>, ФА = 0,36 ± 0,07, АД = 1,15 ± 0,28 • 10<sup>−3</sup>мм<sup>2</sup>/с<sup>−1</sup>, РД = 0,52 ± 0,32 • 10<sup>−3</sup> мм<sup>2</sup>/с<sup>−1</sup></p><p><bold>Заключение. </bold>ДТИ могут обнаруживать изменения, выходящие за пределы обычной МРТ. Низкие значения ИКД при острой травме могут указывать на повреждение спинного мозга и прогнозировать негативный функциональный исход.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance tomography</kwd><kwd>cervical spine</kwd><kwd>diffusion tensor imaging</kwd><kwd>trauma</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>шейный отдел позвоночника</kwd><kwd>диффузионно-тензорные изображения</kwd><kwd>травма</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	Devivo M.J. Epidemiology of traumatic spinal cord injury: Trends and future implications. Spinal Cord. 2012; 50(5): 365-72. https//doi.org/10.1038/sc.2011.178</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2.	Brown R.L., Brunn M.A., Garcia V.F. 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