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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">644</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ps644</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Treatment of pectus excavatum in children with the vacuum bell: a literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лечение воронкообразной деформации грудной клетки у детей с помощью вакуумного колокола: обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-0937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shominova</surname><given-names>Alena O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шоминова</surname><given-names>Алёна Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>alshominova@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-6444</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5182-1748</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitupov</surname><given-names>Zorikto B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митупов</surname><given-names>Зорикто Батоевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>zmitupov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9497-4070</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3600-4701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Razumovskij</surname><given-names>Aleksander Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разумовский</surname><given-names>Александр Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, чл.-кор. РАН</p></bio><email>1595105@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6025-1357</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1431-2990</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nurik</surname><given-names>Vera I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нурик</surname><given-names>Вера Исаковна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>vera.nurik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4350-5423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gincu</surname><given-names>George S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гынку</surname><given-names>Георге Степанович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук</p></bio><email>laritei@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1709-646X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>Anatoliy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>Анатолий Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>doctorpavlov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Filatov N.F. Children’s City Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница имени Н.Ф. Филатова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Nicolae Testemicanu State Medical and Pharmaceutical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный медицинский и фармацевтический университет имени Николае Тестемицану</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Republican Children`s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Республиканская детская клиническая больница Министерства здравоохранения Чувашской Республики</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>194</fpage><lpage>205</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-31"><day>31</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-05-23"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Shominova A.O., Mitupov Z.B., Razumovskij A.Y., Nurik V.I., Gincu G.S., Pavlov A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Шоминова А.О., Митупов З.Б., Разумовский А.Ю., Нурик В.И., Гынку Г.С., Павлов А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shominova A.O., Mitupov Z.B., Razumovskij A.Y., Nurik V.I., Gincu G.S., Pavlov A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шоминова А.О., Митупов З.Б., Разумовский А.Ю., Нурик В.И., Гынку Г.С., Павлов А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-05-30"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/644">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/644</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Pectus excavatum is the most common type of chest deformation with the sunken sternum and adjacent parts of the ribs. In recent decades, approach to the management of this pathology has changed, in many respects due to Eckhart Kloba’s invention a vacuum bell in 1992, which can be used both intraoperatively and as a non-invasive monotherapy.</p> <p>Literary sources were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Elibrary databases. The following keywords were used for search in the English literature: «pectus excavatum», «funnel chest», «vacuum bell», «vacuum chest wall lifter», «suction cup», «minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE)», «intraoperative vacuum bell». In Russian-language literature sources, the key words were: “воронкообразная деформация грудной клетки», «консервативное лечение», «вакуумный колокол». More than 50 publications on this topic have been analyzed.</p> <p>Patients of different age groups with pectus excavatum of varying severity were taken in the study. The effectiveness of treatment was mainly assessed by computed tomography measurements of deformity depth and the Haller index before and after treatment. Excellent correction results were achieved in 13.5–80% of patients with the vacuum bell. The authors have made an attempt to define how patient’s age, duration of treatment, pathology severity, and deformity type correlate with the effectiveness of vacuum bell treatment. The vacuum bell can also be used as a non-invasive lift of the sternum during Nuss thoracoplasty surgery.</p> <p>Currently, there is no any unified tactics for the conservative management of patients with pectus excavatum, namely, unified indications, period of conservative treatment, and optimal patient’s age for vacuum bell application. In the available literature, there is no any criterion that could predict the success of conservative treatment; there are no follow-up data for more than 2 years. A more precise assessment of vacuum bell effectiveness in the treatment of patients with pectus excavatum should be confirmed in longer studies with a larger number of cases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронкообразная деформация грудной клетки — наиболее часто встречающийся вид деформации грудной клетки, характеризующийся западением грудины и прилежащих частей рёбер. За последние десятилетия изменился подход к терапии данной патологии. Во многом это связано с изобретением Экхартом Клобом в 1992 г. вакуумного колокола, который можно использовать как интраоперационно, так и в качестве неинвазивной монотерапии.</p> <p>Мы провели поиск публикаций в базах данных Pub Med, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar и Elibrary. Для поиска англоязычных публикаций использовали следующие ключевые слова: «pectus excavatum», «funnel chest», «vacuum bell», «the vacuum chest wall lifter», «suction cup», «minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE)», «intraoperative use of the vacuum bell».Для поиска русскоязычных публикаций ключевыми словами являлись: «воронкообразная деформация грудной клетки», «консервативное лечение», «вакуумный колокол». Мы проанализировали более 50 публикаций по данной теме.</p> <p>В исследования были включены пациенты разных возрастных групп с воронкообразной деформацией грудной клетки различной степени тяжести. Эффективность лечения в основном оценивалась с помощью измерения глубины деформации и расчёта индекса Галлера по компьютерной томографии до и после лечения. Отличные результаты коррекции были достигнуты у 13,5–80% пациентов, использовавших вакуумный колокол. Были предприняты попытки выяснить насколько возраст пациентов, продолжительность лечения, тяжесть и тип деформации коррелируют с эффективностью лечения вакуумным колоколом. Также вакуумный колокол можно использовать для неинвазивного подъёма грудины во время торакопластики по Нассу.</p> <p>В настоящее время нет единой тактики консервативного введения пациентов с воронкообразной деформацией грудной клетки — данных о показаниях, сроках консервативного лечения и оптимального возраста для начала использования вакуумного колокола. В доступной нам литературе нет единого критерия, дающего возможность спрогнозировать эффективность консервативного лечения, нет катамнестических данных более 2-х лет. Более точная оценка эффективности вакуумного колокола в лечении пациентов с воронкообразной деформацией грудной клетки должна быть подтверждена в долгосрочном исследовании с большим числом случаев.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pectus excavatum</kwd><kwd>conservative treatment</kwd><kwd>vacuum bell</kwd><kwd>minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE)</kwd><kwd>intraoperative vacuum bell</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>воронкообразная деформация грудной клетки</kwd><kwd>консервативное лечение</kwd><kwd>вакуумный колокол</kwd><kwd>торакопластика по Нассу</kwd><kwd>интраоперационное использование вакуумного колокола</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alkhasov AB, Batrakov SYu. Funnel-shaped deformity of the thorax. In: Razumovsky AYu editor. Paediatric surgery: National guide. 2nd ed. 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