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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">662</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ps662</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Traumatic brain injury in infants and little children (a literature review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Черепно-мозговая травма у младенцев и детей раннего возраста (обзор литературы)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-5739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamatkulov</surname><given-names>Alisher D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маматкулов</surname><given-names>Алишер Джахангирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>md-uz7@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6124-5410</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8185-0653</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitzeva</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Екатерина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>katarina0594@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2018-050X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2919-5144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Zhanna B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Жанна Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr.Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>jseman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3235-8854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ahadov</surname><given-names>Tolibdzhon A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахадов</surname><given-names>Толибджон Абдуллаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>akhadov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>184</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-04-17"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Mamatkulov A.D., Zaitzeva E.S., Semenova Z.B., Ahadov T.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Маматкулов А.Д., Зайцева Е.С., Семенова Ж.Б., Ахадов Т.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mamatkulov A.D., Zaitzeva E.S., Semenova Z.B., Ahadov T.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маматкулов А.Д., Зайцева Е.С., Семенова Ж.Б., Ахадов Т.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-05-30"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/662">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/662</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the acute problems of emergency neurosurgery is craniocerebral injury in children. Acuteness of the problem is determined by the disease frequency, high percentage of disability and mortality. Issues of medical and social research, diagnostics and treatment of craniocerebral trauma have not lost their relevance. Preventive measures, such as improved parental control and increased safety in the home surrounding, are being developed. Domestic and foreign literature sources on craniocerebral trauma in infants and young children for the last 15 years have been analysed . The search was done using keywords: “craniocerebral trauma”, “skull fractures” in such search engines as Google Scholar, eLibrary, PubMed and Medline. 243 sources were analysed, from which 45 articles were selected (21 domestic publications). These papers focused on specific aspects of traumatic brain injury in patients of different age categories. Infants and young children represent a specific group of traumatic brain injury victims due to specific anatomic and physiologic features. Better understanding of injury nature in infants and young children is necessary in order to improve traumatic brain injury prevention, diagnostics and treatment.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Одной из острых проблем неотложной нейрохирургии является черепно-мозговая травма у детей. Острота проблемы определяется частотой, высокой долей инвалидизации и летальности. Не утратили актуальности вопросы медико- социальных исследований, диагностики и лечения черепно-мозговой травмы. Разрабатываются меры профилактики, такие как улучшение родительского контроля и повышение безопасности в быту.</p> <p>Проведён анализ отечественных и зарубежных литературных данных за последние 15 лет по черепно-мозговой травме у младенцев и детей раннего возраста. Поиск проводился по ключевым словам «черепно-мозговая травма», «переломы черепа» в базах данных Google Scholar, eLibrary, PubMed и Medline. Было проанализировано 243 источника, из которых для анализа отобрано 45 статей (количество отечественных публикаций — 21). Данные работы были посвящены отдельным аспектам черепно-мозговых травм у пациентов разных возрастных категорий.</p> <p>Младенцы и дети раннего возраста представляют особую группу пострадавших при черепно-мозговых травмах в силу специфических анатомо-физиологических особенностей. Углубленное изучение характера повреждений у пациентов младенческого и раннего возраста необходимо в целях усовершенствования методов профилактики, диагностики и лечения черепно-мозговых травм.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>infants</kwd><kwd>little children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>младенцы</kwd><kwd>дети раннего возраста</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rumalla K, Smith KA, Letchuman V, et al. Nationwide incidence and risk factors for posttraumatic seizures in children with traumatic brain injury. 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