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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">707</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ps707</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The effectiveness of video-assisted thoracoscopic sanitation of the pleural cavity in combination with local proteolytic therapy in children with acute pleural empyema</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Эффективность видеоторакоскопической санации плевральной полости в сочетании с местной протеолитической терапией у детей с острой эмпиемой плевры</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5857-2296</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5365-0960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barova</surname><given-names>Natusya K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барова</surname><given-names>Натуся Каплановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>nbarova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5586-8657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Egiev</surname><given-names>Ivan Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егиев</surname><given-names>Иван Хачитурович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>ivan.egiev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5020-232X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1762-8310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorova</surname><given-names>Alina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорова</surname><given-names>Алина Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>alina.mashchenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0453-6913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ubilava</surname><given-names>Irma A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Убилава</surname><given-names>Ирма Аликоевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>irmaybilava@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3267-2739</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7303-4713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stryukovsky</surname><given-names>Andrey E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрюковский</surname><given-names>Андрей Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>an-str@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8840-6369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadgeriev</surname><given-names>Valery M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надгериев</surname><given-names>Валерий Магометович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>vmn53@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1802-3407</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Starchenko</surname><given-names>Valery M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старченко</surname><given-names>Валерий Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>mishana61@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Children's Regional Clinical Hospita</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская Краевая Клиническая больница</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>133</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-08-06"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-04"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Barova N.K., Egiev I.K., Grigorova A.N., Ubilava I.A., Stryukovsky A.E., Nadgeriev V.M., Starchenko V.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Барова Н.К., Егиев И.Х., Григорова А.Н., Убилава И.А., Стрюковский А.Е., Надгериев В.М., Старченко В.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barova N.K., Egiev I.K., Grigorova A.N., Ubilava I.A., Stryukovsky A.E., Nadgeriev V.M., Starchenko V.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барова Н.К., Егиев И.Х., Григорова А.Н., Убилава И.А., Стрюковский А.Е., Надгериев В.М., Старченко В.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-05-30"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/707">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/707</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: A positive experience of the local applicationof proteolytic enzymes for treating purulent-inflammatory processes of various localizations has motivated the researchers to study this challenging topic and to assess the effectiveness of proteolytic enzymes in combination with video thoracoscopic sanitation and ultrasonic cavitation of the lungs and pleural cavity in children with acute pleural empyema.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><bold>:</bold> To assess the effectiveness of complex treatment of acute pleural empyema in children.</p> <p><bold>METHODS</bold><bold>:</bold> In 2020–2022, 26 children, aged 1–17 (15 boys, 57.7% and 11 girls, 42.3%), were under observation. All children were operated on for video thoracoscopic sanitation of the pleural cavity and ultrasonic cavitation of the lungs and pleural cavity. Patients were divided into two groups: main group — 12 (46.2%) children who were injected proteolytic enzymes into their pleural cavity intraoperatively and at the postoperative period; control group — 14 (53.8%) children who had no any proteolytic enzyme injections. The developed technique (Method for the treatment of acute pleural empyema in children, Patent RU2770663) was used at the surgical intervention.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><bold>:</bold> The results obtained by the identified criteria have shown that proteolytic enzymes applied perioperatively is an effective technique what was confirmed by X-ray findings: fibrinothorax regression in the main group occurred earlier than in the control group by (2±0.4) days.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold><bold>:</bold> Thus, we consider that proteolytic enzymes used intraoperatively and at the early postoperative period in combination with video thoracoscopic sanitation and ultrasound cavitation of the lungs and pleural cavity is a promising and effective method for treating acute pleural empyema and can be recommended for implementation into clinical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold><bold>.</bold> Учитывая положительный опыт местного применения протеолитических ферментов в лечении гнойно-воспалительных процессов различной локализации, считаем актуальной темой исследования оценку эффективности применения протеолитических ферментов в комплексе с видеоторакоскопической санацией и ультразвуковой кавитацией лёгких и плевральной полости у детей с острой эмпиемой плевры.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Определение эффективности комплексного лечения острой эмпиемы плевры у детей.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> В период с 2020 по 2022 гг. под нашим наблюдением находились 26 детей в возрасте 1–17 лет: 15 (57,7%) мальчиков и 11 (42,3%) девочек. Всем детям проведено оперативное вмешательство: видеоторакоскопическая санация плевральной полости, ультразвуковая кавитация лёгких и плевральной полости. Пациенты были разделены на 2 группы: основная группа — 12 (46,2%) детей, которым интраоперационно и в послеоперационном периоде в плевральную полость вводили протеолитические ферменты; контрольная группа — 14 (53,8%) детей, для лечения которых не использовали протеолитические ферменты. Оперативное пособие проводилось согласно разработанной методике (Способ лечения острой эмпиемы плевры у детей, Патент RU2770663).</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Анализ полученных результатов по выделенным нами критериям показал эффективность применения протеолитических ферментов периоперационно, что нашло отражение и в данных рентгенологической картины: регресс фибриноторакса в основной группе происходил раньше, чем в контрольной группе — на (2±0,4) день.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Таким образом, мы считаем, что применение протеолитических ферментов интраоперационно и в раннем послеоперационном периоде в комбинации с видеоторакоскопической санацией и ультразвуковой кавитацией лёгких и плевральной полости является перспективным и эффективным методом лечения острой эмпиемы плевры и может быть рекомендовано для внедрения в клиническую практику.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute pleural empyema</kwd><kwd>videothoracoscopy</kwd><kwd>ultrasonic cavitation</kwd><kwd>proteolytic enzymes</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острая эмпиема плевры</kwd><kwd>видеоторакоскопия</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая кавитация</kwd><kwd>протеолитические ферменты</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">нет</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pritulo LF. 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