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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">746</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55308/1560-9510-2023-27-4-254-260</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic criteria for reveaing inflammation of the appendix and its regression in children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Клинико-лабораторные и ультрасонографические критерии воспаления в червеобразном отростке слепой кишки и его регрессии у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9392-0994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Blandinskij</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бландинский</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 150000, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 150000, г. Ярославль </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-8229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> </p><p> 150042, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколов Сергей Вячеславович, кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель главного врача по хирургическойпомощи, врач-детский хирург </p><p>150042, г. Ярославль </p></bio><email>sokolov_sergey@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-4565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Anfinogenov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анфиногенов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 150042, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 150042, г. Ярославль </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4714-8702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kislova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кислова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 150042, Yaroslavl </p><p> 150000, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 150042, г. Ярославль </p><p> 150000, г. Ярославль </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1246-7084</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizovceva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Низовцева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>347380, Volgodonsk, Rostov region </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>347380, г. Волгодонск Ростовской области </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7410-1512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 150042, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 150042, г. Ярославль </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6645-1125</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bereznjak</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березняк</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 150042, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 150042, г. Ярославль </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3971-3644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Neznakomova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Незнакомова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 150000, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 150000, г. Ярославль </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7822-2493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lugovkin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луговкин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 150042, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 150042, г. Ярославль </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2887-3631</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 150042, Yaroslavl </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 150042, г. Ярославль </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Yaroslavl State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Yaroslavl Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ Ярославской области «Областная детская клиническая больница»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Emergency Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУ «Городская больница скорой медицинской помощи» в г. Волгодонске</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>254</fpage><lpage>260</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-14"><day>14</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-21"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Детская хирургия. Журнал им. Ю.Ф. Исакова</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Детская хирургия. Журнал им. Ю.Ф. Исакова</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2024-10-24"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/746">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/746</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Because of the numerous studies on a possible regression of inflammation in the cecum appendix, the question of finding reliable criteria for preoperative verification of inflammation and of assessing its dynamics in children is relevant.<bold>Material and methods. </bold>In January 2017 – December 2021, case-histories of 92 children aged from 3 to 18 years – (Me (age median) = 12; Q<sub>1</sub> (lower quartile) = 9; Q<sub>2</sub> (upper quartile) = 14.5 – were analyzed in the Yaroslavl Children's Clinical Hospital. The researchers assessed diagnostic and management algorithms. All children had a high risk of appendicitis (PAS (Pediatrics appendicitis score) ≥ 6 points) because of changes in the appendix and findings of ultrasound examination, but due to the symptoms relief, no surgical interventions were performed.<bold>Results. </bold>78 (84.8%) children were prescribed antibacterial therapy. The median duration of symptom regression was 2 days (Q<sub>1</sub> = 1 day; Q<sub>2</sub> =4 days). On days 5–8 (Q<sub>1</sub>–Q<sub>2</sub>) (Me = 6 days), relief of all symptoms of the disease was recorded. The average diameter dimensions of the vermiform process, by ultrasound findings at the initial examination, were 8.6 ± 1.47 (95% CI 8.31–8.92), wall thickness – 3.2 ± 0.39 (95% CI 3.12–3.28). After the symptom relief , these indicators were 6.3 ± 1.29 (95% CI 5.95–6.58) and 2.0 ± 0.63 (95% CI 1.18–1.88), respectively. The decrease in size was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001), signs regressed in parallel (r = 0.63; p &lt; 0.0001).95% CI lower limit of ultrasonographic parameters at the initial examination exceeded the threshold values indicating inflammatory changes (8 mm and 2.7 mm, respectively). After regression of the disease symptoms, 95% CI upper limit returned to the normal state.<bold>Conclusion. </bold>The presented clinical observations may be considered as cases of appendix inflammation with regression. The selected clinical and ultrasonographic criteria can be used both for verifying inflammation and for assessing the regression of inflammatory process.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Актуальность. </bold>С учётом данных многочисленных исследований о возможности регрессии воспаления в червеобразном отростке слепой кишки актуален вопрос поиска значимых критериев дооперационной верификации воспаления и оценки его динамики у детей.<bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Проведён анализ диагностики и лечения в ГБУЗ Ярославской области «Областная детская клиническая больница» в период с января 2017 г. по декабрь 2021 г. 92 ребёнка в возрасте от 3 до 18 лет (медиана (Mе) возраста = 12; Q<sub>1</sub> = 9; Q<sub>2</sub> = 14,5 квартили) с высокой вероятностью аппендицита (PAS (Pediatrics appendicitis score) ≥ 6 баллов), сочетавшейся с изменениями червеобразного отростка, зарегистрированными по результатам ультразвукового исследования (УЗИ), у которых ввиду купирования симптомов заболевания хирургическое вмешательство не выполнялось.<bold>Результаты. </bold>78 (84,8%) детям была назначена антибактериальная терапия. Медиана длительности регрессии симптомов составила 2 сут (Q<sub>1</sub> = 1 сут; Q<sub>2</sub> =4 сут). На 5–8-е сутки (Q<sub>1</sub>–Q<sub>2</sub>) (Mе 6 сут) регистрировали купирование всех симптомовзаболевания.Среднее значение диаметра червеобразного отростка, по данным УЗИ при первичном исследовании, составило 8,6 ± 1,47 (95%-й доверительный интервал (95% ДИ) 8,31–8,92), толщины стенки – 3,2 ± 0,39 (95% ДИ 3,12–3,28). После купирования симптомов указанные показатели составили 6,3 ± 1,29 (95% ДИ 5,95–6,58) и 2,0 ± 0,63 (95% ДИ 1,18–1,88) соответственно. Уменьшение размеров было статистически значимым (p &lt; 0,001), признаки регрессировали параллельно (r = 0,63; p &lt; 0,0001).Нижняя граница 95% ДИ ультрасонографических показателей при первичном исследовании превышала пороговые значения, характеризующие наличие воспалительных изменений (8 мм и 2,7 мм соответственно). После регрессии симптомов заболевания верхняя граница 95% ДИ показателей соответствовала вариантам нормы.<bold>Заключение. </bold>Представленные клинические наблюдения можно считать случаями воспаления червеобразного отростка слепой кишки с регрессией. Выбранные клинические и ультрасонографические критерии могут быть использованы как для верификации воспаления, так и для оценки регрессии воспалительного процесса.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>appendix inflammation</kwd><kwd>criteria for preoperative verification</kwd><kwd>regression</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>воспаление червеобразного отростка</kwd><kwd>критерии дооперационной верификации</kwd><kwd>регрессия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Wilms I.M., de Hoog D.E., de Visser D.C., Janzing H.M. Appendectomy versus antibiotic treatment for acute appendicitis. 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