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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">776</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ps776</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Клинические случаи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">An arachnoidal cyst of the brain with post-traumatic hemorrhage: a case report and literature review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Арахноидальная киста головного мозга с посттравматическим кровоизлиянием: клиническое наблюдение и обзор литературы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7170-7415</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7426-2245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamatkhanov</surname><given-names>Magomed R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маматханов</surname><given-names>Магомед Рамазанович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>magomedniisp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8719-0342</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9141-7638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizolin</surname><given-names>Dmitry V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Низолин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>dlarinskij@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3553-6537</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1835-0074</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pospelova</surname><given-names>Maria L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поспелова</surname><given-names>Мария Львовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>pospelovaml@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-12-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>621</fpage><lpage>629</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-01-17"><day>17</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-11-12"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Mamatkhanov M.R., Nizolin D.V., Pospelova M.L.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Маматханов М.Р., Низолин Д.В., Поспелова М.Л.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mamatkhanov M.R., Nizolin D.V., Pospelova M.L.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маматханов М.Р., Низолин Д.В., Поспелова М.Л.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-12-19"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/776">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/776</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: Arachnoid cysts (AC) are congenital anomalies characterized by a limited accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid between two layers of the arachnoid membrane. The clinical observation is notable for the complete emptying of the subdural hematoma and the straightening of the brain parenchyma (there is only one such case described in the literature).</p> <p><bold>CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION</bold>: An 8-year-old patient, who had been observed for left lateral fissure of the brain since birth, was hospitalized at the Almazov National Medical Research Center due to deterioration of his condition after an injury and an episode of physical exertion. Neuroimaging revealed a rupture of an arachnoid cyst with the formation of a chronic subdural hematoma. Drainage of the subdural hematoma was performed. After surgical treatment, regression of clinical symptoms was noted. According to neuroimaging data, the hematoma was emptied and the brain matter was straightened.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold>: We have described a clinical case of AC complicated by hemorrhage with formation of subdural hematoma after mild traumatic brain injury and analyzed the literature on this topic. The course of asymptomatic AC can be complicated by hemorrhage that developed spontaneously or against the background of mild traumatic brain injury. Due to the high elastic properties of the brain in children, complete regression of even long-standing AC is possible.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold>. Арахноидальные кисты (АК) — это врождённые аномалии развития, для которых свойственно ограниченное скопление ликвора между двумя листками арахноидальной оболочки. Клиническое наблюдение примечательно полным опорожнением субдуральной гематомы и расправлением паренхимы головного мозга (в литературе описан единственный подобный случай.</p> <p><bold>Описание клинического случая</bold>. Пациент 8 лет, с рождения наблюдавшийся по поводу АК левой латеральной щели большого мозга был госпитализирован в Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова в связи с ухудшением состояния после травмы и эпизода физической нагрузки. При нейровизуализации выявлен разрыв арахноидальной кисты с формированием хронической субдуральной гематомы. Было выполнено дренирование субдуральной гематомы. После оперативного лечения отмечался регресс клинической симптоматики. По данным нейровизуализации — опорожнение гематомы и расправление мозгового вещества.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Нами описан клинический случай АК, осложнившейся кровоизлиянием с формированием субдуральной гематомы после лёгкой черепно-мозговой травмы и проведён анализ литературы по данной теме. Течение бессимптомных АК может быть осложнено кровоизлиянием, развившимся спонтанно или на фоне лёгкой черепно-мозговой травмы. За счёт высоких эластических свойств мозга у детей возможен полный регресс даже длительно существующих АК.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arachnoid cyst</kwd><kwd>subdural hematoma</kwd><kwd>pediatric neurosurgery</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>арахноидальная киста</kwd><kwd>субдуральная гематома</kwd><kwd>детская нейрохирургия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>121031100314-1</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pierre-Kahn A, Sonigo P. Malformative intracranial cysts: Diagnosis and outcome. 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