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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">790</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ps790</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessment of the nephroprotective efficacy of steroid therapy by analyzing concentrations of new markers of the renal damage at the extracorporeal remote shock wave lithotripsy in children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка эффективности нефропротективной стероидной терапии с помощью анализа концентраций новых маркеров почечного повреждения при дистанционной ударно-волновой литотрипсии у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4038-1472</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4762-8837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorkin</surname><given-names>Sergey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зоркин</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>zorkin@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3640-9994</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9310-2660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikulin</surname><given-names>Oleg D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никулин</surname><given-names>Олег Даниилович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>dr.nikulin.oleg@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8923-4652</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3647-4967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semikina</surname><given-names>Elena L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семикина</surname><given-names>Елена Леонидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>semikina@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6301-9313</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7948-5065</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygin</surname><given-names>Akexey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыгин</surname><given-names>Алексей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><email>tsygin@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-6743</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9899-1095</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Snowskaya</surname><given-names>Marina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сновская</surname><given-names>Марина Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>snows@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1615-2044</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8260-5227</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Milovanova</surname><given-names>Anastasia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милованова</surname><given-names>Анастасия Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>milovanova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2883-2493</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4946-0848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhnovsky</surname><given-names>Dmitriy S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахновский</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><email>shakhnovski@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5506-6828</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bayazitov</surname><given-names>Rimir R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баязитов</surname><given-names>Римир Радикович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>krasik17@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-05-30" publication-format="electronic"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>169</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-08"><day>08</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-03"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Zorkin S.N., Nikulin O.D., Semikina E.L., Tsygin A.N., Snowskaya M.A., Milovanova A.M., Shakhnovsky D.S., Bayazitov R.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Зоркин С.Н., Никулин О.Д., Семикина Е.Л., Цыгин А.Н., Сновская М.А., Милованова А.М., Шахновский Д.С., Баязитов Р.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zorkin S.N., Nikulin O.D., Semikina E.L., Tsygin A.N., Snowskaya M.A., Milovanova A.M., Shakhnovsky D.S., Bayazitov R.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зоркин С.Н., Никулин О.Д., Семикина Е.Л., Цыгин А.Н., Сновская М.А., Милованова А.М., Шахновский Д.С., Баязитов Р.Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-05-30"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/790">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/790</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold>: for several decades, the remote shock wave lithotripsy was a leading technique for surgical management of concretions in the upper urinary tract. The key reason for its wide spread was minimal invasion combined with high efficiency. However, it has been proven that after each lithotripsy session the acute kidney injury develops. Currently, there is no any curative strategy aimed to protect the renal parenchyma from pathological impacts of shock wave energy.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><bold>:</bold> to evaluate Prednisolone nephroprotective efficacy after analysing dynamic levels of biomarkers of kidney damage during the remote shock wave lithotripsy in children.</p> <p><bold>METHODS</bold><bold>:</bold> 108 children with urolithiasis after a session of remote shock wave lithotripsy were enrolled in the study. All patients were divided into two groups of 54 participants in each. Participants from the control group were treated according to the standard protocol. Participants from the studied group, in addition to the traditional therapy, were prescribed Prednisolone orally at dosage 0.5 mg/kg once a day for 2 days before the session of external shock wave lithotripsy and 2 hours before the surgery. Urine and blood samples were taken from all patients: before surgery, 45 minutes and 24 hours after it. Biomarker concentration was assessed in all samples.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><bold>:</bold> The biomarker concentration in the urine differed statistically significantly in patients of the studied group and of the control one. The most pronounced changes were noted 45 minutes after the surgery. A statistically significant concentration increase of all studied biomarkers was revealed in patients from the control group. In children from the studied group, concentration of kidney damage molecule 1 did not change, and lipocalin concentration associated with neutrophil gelatinase, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 and hepatic forms of fatty acid binding protein increased statistically significantly less than in patients of the control group. Interleukin 18 concentration in the blood serum of patients from the control group increased statistically significantly, while in patients from the studied group - statistically insignificantly.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold><bold>:</bold> A statistically significant decrease in the concentration of studied biomarkers, and, consequently, less degree of renal damage in the studied group, can promote implementation of the glucocorticoid therapy as a medical support during the external shock wave lithotripsy in children.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование</bold><bold>.</bold> На протяжении нескольких десятилетий дистанционная ударно-волновая литотрипсия является лидирующим методом хирургического лечения конкрементов верхних мочевыводящих путей. Ключевой причиной такого широкого распространения стала минимальная степень инвазии в совокупности с высокой эффективностью. Однако доказано, что исходом каждого сеанса литотрипсии является острое повреждение почек. В настоящий момент нет терапевтической стратегии, направленной на защиту почечной паренхимы от патологического воздействия энергии ударной волны.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценить нефропротективное действие преднизолона на основании анализа динамических концентраций биомаркеров повреждения почек при проведении дистанционной ударно-волновой литотрипсии у детей.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> В исследовании участвовали 108 детей с уролитиазом, каждому из которых был проведён сеанс дистанционной ударно-волновой литотрипсии. Пациентов разделили на 2 группы по 54 участника в каждой. Участников контрольной группы лечили по стандартному протоколу. Участники исследуемой группы помимо традиционной терапии перорально принимали преднизолон в дозе 0,5 мг/кг 1 раз в сут в течение 2 дней до сеанса дистанционной ударно-волновой литотрипсии и за 2 ч до операции. У всех пациентов забирали мочу и кровь: до операции, через 45 мин. и через 24 ч после операции с последующим определением концентрации биомаркеров.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Концентрации биомаркеров в моче пациентов исследуемой и контрольной групп различались статистически значимо. Наиболее выраженные изменения отмечены через 45 мин. после операции. У пациентов контрольной группы выявлено статистически значимое повышение концентраций всех исследуемых биомаркеров в моче. У детей исследуемой группы концентрация молекулы повреждения почек-1 не менялась, а концентрации липокалина, ассоциированного с желатиназой нейтрофилов, тканевого ингибитора металлопротеиназы-2 и печёночной формы белка, связывающего жирные кислоты повышались статистически значимо меньше, чем у пациентов контрольной группы. Концентрация интерлейкина 18 в сыворотке крови пациентов контрольной группы повышалась статистически значимо, а у пациентов исследуемой группы — статистически незначимо.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Статистически значимое снижение концентраций исследуемых биомаркеров, и, следовательно, степени почечного повреждения в исследуемой группе может стать основанием для назначения глюкокортикоидов в качестве медикаментозного сопровождения при проведении дистанционной ударно-волновой литотрипсии у детей.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pediatric urology</kwd><kwd>nephrology</kwd><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd><kwd>external shock wave lithotripsy</kwd><kwd>biomarkers of damage</kwd><kwd>biomarkers of inflammation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детская урология</kwd><kwd>нефрология</kwd><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd><kwd>дистанционная ударно-волновая литотрипсия</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры повреждения</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры воспаления</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Talso M, Tefik T, Mantica G, et al. 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