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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">822</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ps822</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DYGVXR</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Subjective pediatric assessment scar scale — SPASS. Development and validation of the scale</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Визуально-ассоциативная педиатрическая шкала субъективной оценки послеоперационного рубца. Разработка и валидация шкалы опросника</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6832-3318</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6057-3390</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savelyev</surname><given-names>Dmitry S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>saveljevds@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9281-6872</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2458-6382</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorodkov</surname><given-names>Sergey Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Городков</surname><given-names>Сергей Юрьевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>gorodcov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6074-9780</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4172-3482</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Goremykin</surname><given-names>Igor V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горемыкин</surname><given-names>Игорь Владимиович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>goremykine@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4253-0259</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5426-8101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bratashova</surname><given-names>Maria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Браташова</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bratashovamv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Chernyshevsky Saratov State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет им. Н.Г. Чернышевского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-09-29"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Savelyev D.S., Gorodkov S.Y., Goremykin I.V., Bratashova M.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Савельев Д.С., Городков С.Ю., Горемыкин И.В., Браташова М.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Savelyev D.S., Gorodkov S.Y., Goremykin I.V., Bratashova M.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Савельев Д.С., Городков С.Ю., Горемыкин И.В., Браташова М.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-06-05"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/822">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/822</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> A skin scar is an important component of satisfaction with surgical treatment. Both the patient’s comfort level and the possible treatment tactics depend on the variant of scarring changes.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> Development of a new instrument for assessing a skin scar in a child. It should take into account the requirements of clinometric.</p> <p><bold>Methods.</bold> A total of 170 children participated in the study at various stages of the development and validation of the scale. The study period is from 2021 to 2024. The procedures of exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression analysis were carried out, taking into account all the standard criteria necessary for this.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> The Subjective pediatric assessment scar scale (SPASS) perception consists of three sheets with questions. Each of them is intended for personal filling by the child, his parent and, finally, the doctor. The questionnaire sheets for children are divided depending on the age periodization. The average level of inter–expert reliability among doctors was 0.96 (95% CI 0.93–0.99). Intra–expert reliability had a variation from 0.85 (95% CI 0.88–0.82) to 0.97 (95% CI 0.95–0.99). The overal convergent validity value for the questionnaire was 0.95. The overall Cronbach’s alpha level among parents was 0.83. The overall subjective assessment of a skin scar significantly correlates positively with the following indicators: social aspects of the presence of a scar (R<sub>0</sub> = 0.899, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), physical inconveniences (R<sub>0</sub> = 0.835, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), problems of aesthetics and treatment (R<sub>0</sub> = 0.733, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> The developed SPASS is the first tool of its kind to be used among children. The questionnaire is adapted for children of different ages, taking into account the periodization of mental development. The scale is ready for use in clinical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Кожный рубец — немаловажная составляющая удовлетворённости перенесённым хирургическим лечением. От варианта рубцовых изменений зависят уровень комфорта пациента и возможная тактика лечения. Рубец должен быть подвержен систематизации и оценке на разных этапах своего формирования как с количественных позиций, так и с учётом субъективного восприятия.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Создание нового инструмента оценки кожного рубца у ребёнка. Он должен учитывать требования клиниметрии, возрастные и психологические особенности ребёнка, быть простым в понимании и заполнении, а также быстрым в интерпретации результатов.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> На разных этапах разработки и валидации шкалы опросника в исследовании суммарно приняли участие 170 детей. Период исследования — с 2021 по 2024 г. Выполнен эксплораторный факторный анализ и множественный регрессионный анализ с учётом всех необходимых для этого стандартных критериев. В качестве статистического критерия для сравнений множеств меду собой выбран критерий Спирмена.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Визуально ассоциативная педиатрическая шкала субъективного восприятия рубца представляет собой три листа с вопросами. Каждый из них предназначен для персонального заполнения ребёнком, его родителем и врачом. Листы опросника для детей разделены в зависимости от возрастной периодизации. Средний уровень межэкспертной надёжности среди врачей составил 0,96 [95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 0,93–0,99]. Внутриэкспертная надёжность имела вариативность от 0,85 (95% ДИ 0,88–0,82) до 0,97 (95% ДИ 0,95–0,99). Совокупное значение конвергентной валидности для опросника составило 0,95. Общий уровень α Кронбаха среди родителей составил 0,83. Общая субъективная оценка кожного рубца значимо-положительно коррелирует с социальными аспектами наличия рубца (R<sub>0</sub> = 0,899, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,001), физическими неудобствами (R<sub>0</sub> = 0,835, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,001), проблемами эстетики и лечения (R<sub>0</sub> = 0,733, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0,001).</p> <p><bold>Вывод.</bold> Разработанная визуально-ассоциативная педиатрическая шкала оценки субъективного восприятия послеоперационного рубца — первый инструмент подобного рода для применения среди детей. Опросник адаптирован для детей разных возрастов с учётом периодизации психического развития. Шкалу можно использовать как при очной оценке рубцов, так и при оценке рубца по фотографии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pediatric surgery</kwd><kwd>postoperative scar</kwd><kwd>subjective scar assessment</kwd><kwd>scar assessment scale</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>детская хирургия</kwd><kwd>послеоперационный рубец</kwd><kwd>субъективная оценка рубца</kwd><kwd>шкала оценки рубцов</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ferguson MW, Whitby DJ, Shah M, et al. Scar formation: the spectral nature of fetal and adult wound repair. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1996;97(4):854–860. doi: 10.1097/00006534-199604000-00029</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Andrade WN, Semple JL. Patient self-assessment of the cosmetic results of breast reconstruction. 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