Russian Journal of Pediatric SurgeryRussian Journal of Pediatric SurgeryДетская хирургия1560-95102412-0677Eco-Vector85510.17816/ps855LRVLDDPractice GuidelinesКлинические рекомендацииResearch ArticleIntestinal intussusception in childrenКишечная инвагинация у детейhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9418-44187894-8369KarasevaOlga V.КарасеваОльга Витальевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

д-р мед. наук

karaseva.o@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6814-88943127-9804AxelrovMichael A.АксельровМихаил Александрович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

д-р мед. наук, доцент

akselerov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-830X6025-8991BairovVladimir G.БаировВладимир Гиреевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

v-bairov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5857-22965365-0960BarovaNatusya K.БароваНатуся Каплановна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

канд. мед. наук, доцент

nbarova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-72676604-3686BarskayaMargarita A.БарскаяМаргарита Александровна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

barskaya63@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5982-54946716-9241GolikovDenis E.ГоликовДенис Евгеньевич
Russian Federation
GolikovDE@zdrav.mos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1746-84467444-8233GorelikAlexander L.ГореликАлександр Львович
Russian Federation
GorelikAL1@zdrav.mos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1836-979X9056-7448ZhuriloIvan P.ЖурилоИван Петрович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

zhipsurg@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2032-921X4354-4462NalivkinAlexander E.НаливкинАлександр Евгеньевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

д-р мед. наук, доцент

surgnal@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9077-69904340-8700PoddubnyIgor V.ПоддубныйИгорь Витальевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

Igorpoddoubnyi@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-31907684-9637SvarichVyacheslav G.СваричВячеслав Гаврилович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

svarich61@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3831-768X9674-1049SokolovYuri Yu.СоколовЮрий Юрьевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

sokolov-surg@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6940-45355237-8098TimofeevaAnna V.ТимофееваАнна Вячеславовна
Russian Federation
TimofeevaAV4@zdrav.mos.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6218-36051251-5150KharitonovaAnastasia Yu.ХаритоноваАнастасия Юрьевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

anastesia08@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9050-36297466-8731TsapNatalya A.ЦапНаталья Александровна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor

д-р мед. наук, профессор

tsapna-ekat@rambler.ruClinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma — Dr. Roshal’s ClinicНаучно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии — Клиника доктора РошаляNational Medical Research Center for Children’s HealthНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детейTyumen State Medical UniversityТюменский государственный медицинский университетAlmazov National Medical Research CentreНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. АлмазоваKuban State Medical UniversityКубанский государственный медицинский университетChildren’s Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1Детская краевая клиническая больница №1Samara State Medical UniversityСамарский государственный медицинский университетTurgenev State University of OrelОрловский государственный университет им. И.С. ТургеневаVladimirsky Moscow Regional Research and Clinical InstituteМосковский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. ВладимирскогоRussian University of MedicineРоссийский университет медициныSaint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversityСанкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университетRussian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional EducationРоссийская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образованияUral State Medical UniversityУральский государственный медицинский университет05042025050620252921101290903202518032025Copyright ©; 2025, Karaseva O.V., Axelrov M.A., Bairov V.G., Barova N.K., Barskaya M.A., Golikov D.E., Gorelik A.L., Zhurilo I.P., Nalivkin A.E., Poddubny I.V., Svarich V.G., Sokolov Y.Y., Timofeeva A.V., Kharitonova A.Y., Tsap N.A.Copyright ©; 2025, Карасева О.В., Аксельров М.А., Баиров В.Г., Барова Н.К., Барская М.А., Голиков Д.Е., Горелик А.Л., Журило И.П., Наливкин А.Е., Поддубный И.В., Сварич В.Г., Соколов Ю.Ю., Тимофеева А.В., Харитонова А.Ю., Цап Н.А.2025Karaseva O.V., Axelrov M.A., Bairov V.G., Barova N.K., Barskaya M.A., Golikov D.E., Gorelik A.L., Zhurilo I.P., Nalivkin A.E., Poddubny I.V., Svarich V.G., Sokolov Y.Y., Timofeeva A.V., Kharitonova A.Y., Tsap N.A.Карасева О.В., Аксельров М.А., Баиров В.Г., Барова Н.К., Барская М.А., Голиков Д.Е., Горелик А.Л., Журило И.П., Наливкин А.Е., Поддубный И.В., Сварич В.Г., Соколов Ю.Ю., Тимофеева А.В., Харитонова А.Ю., Цап Н.А.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/855

The new version of the clinical guidelines, developed by specialists from the Russian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, provides updated information on the diagnosis and management of the disease in line with recent advancements. These recommendations are based on the results of completed domestic and international randomised clinical trials, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses. For the first time, the guidelines highlight the role of nonspecific mesadenitis in the etiopathogenesis of ileocecal intussusception in children, as well as shifts in the disease’s age distribution from infancy to early childhood. This updated version also revises the long-standing national approach to age and time restrictions for conservative management. It now recommends conservative treatment for all uncomplicated cases of ileocecal invagination. Surgical intervention is advised in cases of complications such as intussusception necrosis, peritonitis, or small intestinal obstruction, as well as when an anatomical abnormality is suspected on ultrasound or if the disease recurs.

This publication is intended for practicing paediatric surgeons, anaesthesiologists, paediatricians, and specialists in related fields, as well as residents and postgraduate students in these disciplines.

Новая редакция клинических рекомендаций, разработанная специалистами Российской ассоциации детских хирургов, содержит обновлённую информацию по лечению и диагностике заболевания в соответствии с изменениями, произошедшими на современном этапе. Представленные рекомендации основаны на результатах завершённых отечественных и международных рандомизированных клинических исследований, включая систематические обзоры и метаанализы. Впервые в клинических рекомендациях отмечена роль неспецифического мезаденита в этиопатогенезе илеоцекальной инвагинации у детей, а также изменение возрастных характеристик заболевания c грудного на ранний детский возраст. В представленной редакции изменён длительно существующий в нашей стране алгоритм с возрастными и временными ограничениями применения консервативного метода лечения и рекомендовано консервативное лечение илеоцекальной инвагинации во всех неосложнённых случаях. Хирургическое лечение при илеоцекальной инвагинации рекомендовано при развитии осложнений (некроз инвагината, перитонит, тонкокишечная непроходимость), подозрении на анатомическую причину (АП) по данным ультразвукового исследования и рецидиве заболевания.

Издание предназначено для практикующих врачей — детских хирургов, анестезиологов-реаниматологов, педиатров и специалистов смежных специальностей, а также ординаторов и аспирантов соответствующих направлений.

intestinal intussusceptionclinical guidelineschildrenileocecal intussusceptionpneumostatic disinvaginationhydrostatic disinvaginationкишечная инвагинацияклинические рекомендациидетиилеоцекальная инвагинацияпневмостатическая дезинвагинациягидростатическая дезинвагинацияAcute intussusception in infants and children: incidence, clinical representation and management: a global perspective. World Health Organization. WHO, 2002. 98 p.Razumovskii AYu, editor. Detskaya khirurgiya: Natsionalnoe rukovodstvo. 2 ed. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2021. 1280 p. (In Russ.) ISBN 978-5-9704-5785-6 doi: 10.33029/9704-5785-6-PSNR-2021-2-1-1280Feldman KhI. Invaginatsiya kishok v detskom vozraste. Moscow: Meditsina, 1977. 152 p. (In Russ.)Roshal LM. Ostraya invaginatsiya kishok u detei. Khirurgiya. 1964;9:106–113. (In Russ.)Bairov GA. Srochnaya khirurgiya detei: rukovodstvo dlya vrachei. Saint Petersburg: Piter press, 1997. P. 165–188. (In Russ.)Isakov YuF, Stepanov EA, Krasovskaya TV. Abdominalnaya khirurgiya u detei. Moscow: Meditsina, 1988. 415 p. (In Russ.)Ashkraft KU, Kholder TM. Detskaya khirurgiya. In 3 vol. Vol. 2. Saint Petersburg: Pit-Tal, 1997. P. 93–97. (In Russ.)Theilen TM, Rolle U. Intussusception in Children. Encyclopedia of Gastroenterology. 2 ed. Academic Press, 2020. P. 287–300. (In Russ.)Podkamenev VV, Rozinov VI, editors. Invaginatsiya kishok u detei. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2022. 176 p. (In Russ.)Podkamenev VV, Sharapov IS, Pikalo IA. Clinical and modern features of intussusception in children. Detskaya khirurgiya. 2018;22(1):13–16. doi: 10.18821/1560-9510-2018-22-1-13-16 EDN: YTZPVREin SH, Daneman A. Intussusception. In: Grosfeld L, O’Neill JA, Fonkalsrud EW, Coran AG, editors. Pediatric Surgery. Philadelphia: Mosby-Elsevier, 2006; 1313–1341.Karaseva OV, Golikov DE, Gorelik AL, et al. Basic reasons for the inefficiency of conservative treatment of ileocecal intussusception in children. Detskaya khirurgiya. 2023;27(1):5–16. doi: 10.55308/1560-9510-2023-27-1-5-16 EDN: CBQRZFEin SH. Leading points in childhood intussusception. J Pediatr Surg. 1976;11(2):209–211. doi: 10.1016/0022-3468(76)90289Navarro OM, Daneman A, Chae A. Intussusception: the use of delayed, repeated reduction attempts and the management of intussusceptions due to pathologic lead points in pediatric patients. AJR. 2004;182(5):1169–1176. doi: 10.2214/ajr.182.5.1821169Usacheva EV, Silina EA, Pakholchuk TN, Konakova OV. Invaginatsiya kishechnika u detei v praktike pediatra-infektsionista. Aktualnaya infektologiya. 2016;11(2):182–185. (In Russ.) doi: 10.22141/2312-413x.2.11.2016.77668 EDN: XAVPJVRoss JC, Poller CW, Zachary RB. Adenovirus infection in association with intussusception in infancy. Lancet. 1962;2(7249):221–223. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(62)92315-2Patel MM, Haber P, Baggs J, et al. Intussusception and rotavirus vaccination: a review of the available evidence. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2009;8(11):1555–1564. doi: 10.1586/erv.09.106Tate JE, Yen C, Steiner CA, et al. Intussusception Rates Before and After the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine. Pediatrics. 2016;138(3):e20161082. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-1082Jiang J, Jiang B, Parashar U, et al. Childhood intussusception: a literature review. PLoS One. 2013;8(7):e68482. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068482Eshel G. Barr J, Heyman E, et al. Intussusception: a 9-year survey (1986–1995). J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1997;24(3):253–256. doi: 10.1097/00005176-199703000-00004Fischer TK, Bihrmann K, Perch M, et al. Intussusception in early childhood: A cohort study of 1.7 million children. Pediatrics. 2004;114(3):782–785. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-0390Akselrov MA, Suprunets SN, Sergienko TV, et al. Intussusception as a cause of necrotizing enterocolitis in a premature newborn. Pediatriya. Zhurnal im. G.N. Speranskogo. 2021;100(6):192–194. doi: 10.24110/0031-403X-2021-100-6-192-194 EDN: TRQKJPOlkhova EB, Mukaseeva TV, Soboleva VO, et al. Intussusception in a Newborn. Clinical Observation. Radiologiya-praktika. 2022;(2):65–74. doi: 10.52560/2713-0118-2022-2-65-74 EDN: EMIAKSKozlov YuA, Rasputin AA, Kovalkov KA, et al. Intrauterine intussusception as cause of small bowel atresia — report of series of rare clinical cases. Pediatria n.a. G.N. Speransky. 2021;100(1):333–338. EDN: LHVYOA doi: 10.24110/0031-403X-2021-100-1-233-239Belyaev MK. Clinical presentation of intussusception in children. Pediatriya. 2006;85(1):47–50. EDN: KZDYMZKaraseva OV, Golikov DE, Gorelik AL, et al. Sovremennyi portret ileotsekalnoi invaginatsii u detei. Detskaia khirurgiia. 2022;26(S1). 51 p. Prilozhenie: Materialy X Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem ”Neotlozhnaia detskaia khirurgiia i travmatologiia” (Moscow, 16–19.02.2022). (In Russ.) EDN: VOLRZAKolar M, Pilkington M, Winthrop A, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of childhood intussusception from 1997 to 2016: A population-based study. J Pediatric Surg. 2020;55(8):1562–1569. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.01.049Lehnert T, Sorge I, Till H, Rolle U. Intussusception in children — clinical presentation, diagnosis and management. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2009;24(10):1187–1192. doi: 10.1007/s00384-009-0730-2Scorpio RJ. Intussusception. Pediatric Surgery: Diagnosis and Treatment. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. P. 507–514.Bondarenko NS, Kagan AV, Nemilova TK, Kotin AN. Intossusceotion in children: clinical and laboratory criteria found in intestinal necrosis. Rossiiskii vestnik detskoi khirurgii, anesteziologii i reanimatologii. 2016;6(3):31–34. EDN: XCNYHFMorozov DA, Filippov YuV, Staroverova GA, et al. Prodolzhitelnost vydeleniya krovi iz pryamoi kishki — osnovnoi kriterii vybora sposoba lecheniya invaginatsii kishechnika. Detskaya khirurgiya. 2010;(6):29–32. (In Russ.) EDN: NBNJBRBelyaev MK. Oshibki diagnostiki invaginatsii kishechnika u detei grudnogo i starshego vozrasta na dogospitalnom etape po materialam kliniki detskogo vozrasta Novokuznetskogo GIDUV. Pediatriya. 1995;74(1):43–44. 1995;74(1):43–44. (In Russ.) Available from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/klinicheskaya-kartina-invaginatsii-kishechnika-u-deteyDaneman A, Alton DJ, Lobo E, et al. Patterns of recurrence of intussusception in children: a 17-year review. Pediatr Radiol. 1998;28(12):913–919.Edwards EA, Pigg N, Courtier J, et al. Intussusception: past, present and future. Pediatric Radiology. 2017;47(9):1101–1108. doi: 10.1007/s00247-017-3878-xHsu WL, Lee HC, Yeung CY, et al. Recurrent intussusception: when should surgical intervention be performed? Pediatr Neonatol. 2012;53(5):300–303. doi: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2012.07.004Fisher JG, Sparks EA, Turner CG, et al. Operative indications in recurrent ileocolic intussusception. J Pediatr Surg. 2015;50(1):126–130. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014Bondarenko NS, Kagan AV, Nemilova TK, Kotin AN. Therapeutic approach in recurrent intussusception of bowels in children. Vestnik khirurgii im. I.I. Grekova. 2016;175(3):44–46. EDN: TUPSYTPodkamenev VV, Pikalo IA, Sharapov IS, et al. Recurrent intussusception in children. Vestnik khirurgii im. I.I. Grekova. 2017;176(5):72–76. EDN: ZTPLSBGuo WL, Hu ZC, Tan YL, et al. Risk factors for recurrent intussusception in children: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2017;7(11):e018604. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018604Solovev AE, Larkin OA, Rozhkova AA. Recurrence of intestinal intussusception in children. Detskaya khirurgiya. 2019;23(6):344–347. doi: 10.18821/1560-9510-2019-23-6-344-347 EDN: RVXMWIChang CY, Chen YY, Lin CH, et al. Recurrence of pediatric intussusception: A nationwide population-based descriptive study in Taiwan. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023;102(35):e34727. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034727Niramis R, Watanatittan S, Kruatrachue A, et al. Management of recurrent intussusception: nonoperative or operative reduction? J Pediatr Surg. 2010;45(11):2175–2180. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.07.029Guo WL, Wang J, Zhou M, et al. The role of plain radiography in assessing intussusception with vascular compromise in children. Arch Med Sci. 2011;7(5):877–881. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2011.25565Plut D, Phillips GS, Johnston PR, Lee EY. Practical Imaging Strategies for Intussusception in Children. AJR. 2020;215(6):1449–1463. doi: 10.2214/AJR.19.22445Puapong D, Lee SL, Radner G, et al. Computed tomography findings of unanticipated prolonged ileocolic intussusception in children. Perm J. 2008;12(3):22–24. doi: 10.7812/TPP/08-003Harrington L, Connolly B, Hu X, et al. Ultrasonographic and clinical predictors of intussusception. J Pediatr. 1998;132(5):836–839. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70314-2Hryhorczuk AL, Strouse PJ. Validation of US as a first-line diagnostic test for assessment of pediatric ileocolic intussusception. Pediatr Radiol. 2009;39(10):1075–1079. doi: 10.1007/s00247-009-1353-zBartocci M, Fabrizi G, Valente I, et al. Intussusception in childhood: role of sonography on diagnosis and treatment. J Ultrasound. 2014;18(3):205–211. doi: 10.1007/s40477-014-0110-9Carroll AG, Kavanagh RG, Leidhin CN, et al. Comparative effectiveness of imaging modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of intussusception: a critically appraised topic. Acad Radiol. 2017;24(5):521–529. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2017.01.002Samad L, Marven S, Bashir HEl, et al. Prospective surveillance study of the management of intussusception in UK and Irish infants. Br J Surg. 2012;99(3):411–415. doi: 10.1002/bjs.7821Eshed I, Gorenstein A, Serour F, Witzling M. Intussusception in children: can we rely on screening sonography performed by junior residents? Pediatr Radiol. 2004;34(2):134–137. doi: 10.1007/s00247-003-1089-0Ko HS. Schenk JP, Tröger J, Rohrschneider WK. Current radiological management of intussusception in children. EurRadiol. 2007;17(9):2411–2421. doi: 10.1007/s00330-007-0589-yBelyaeva OA, Rozinov VM, Konovalov AK, et al. Znachenie ekhografii v obosnovanii lechebnoi taktiki u detei s kishechnoi invaginatsiei. Detskaya khirurgiya. 2010;(1):10–14. (In Russ.) EDN: MBCPEZKatko VA, Shakya ShCh, Varganova RP, et al. Sonografiya v diagnostike i lechenii invaginatsii kishechnika u detei: novyi metod. Meditsinskaya panorama. (In Russ.) 2004;(5):49–52.Olkhova EB, Sokolov YuYu, Allakhverdiev IS, Tumanyan GT. Intestinal invagination in children. Potential of ultrasound diagnostics. Detskaya khirurgiya. 2015;19(1):20–24. EDN: TKLRMZdel-Pozo G, Albillos JC, Tejedor D, et al. Intussusception in children: current concepts in diagnosis and enema reduction. RadioGraphics. 1999;19(2):299–319. doi: 10.1148/radiographics.19.2.g99mr14299Gluckman S, Karpelowsky J, Webster AC, McGee RG. Management for intussusception in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;6(6):CD006476. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006476.pub3Portnoi VM. Lechenie kishechnoi invaginatsii nagnetaniem vozdukha. Vestnik khirurgii. 1962;(11):93–100.Sadigh G, Zou KH, Razavi SA, et al. Meta-analysis of air versus liquid enema for intussusception reduction in children. AJR. 2015;205(5):542–549. doi: 10.2214/AJR.14.14060Stein-Wexler R, O’Connor R, Daldrup-Link H, Wootton-Gorges SL. Current methods for reducing intussusception: survey results. Pediatr Radiol. 2015;45(5):667–674. doi: 10.1007/s00247-014-3214-7Bowerman RA, Silver TM, Jaffe MH. Real-time ultrasound diagnosis of intussusception in children. Radiology. 1982;143(2):527–529. doi: 10.1148/radiology.143.2.7071358Karaseva OV, Zhuravlev NA, Kapustin VA, et al. Pervyi opyt gidrostaticheskoi dezinvaginatsii u detei. Rossiiskii vestnik detskoi khirurgii, anesteziologii i reanimatologii. 2014;4(4):115–120 (In Russ.) EDN: TJCCSTRumyantseva GN, Kazakov AN, Yusufov AA, Brevdo YuF. Diagnostika i lechenie invaginatsii kishechnika u detei s primeneniem ekhografii. Detskaya khirurgiya. 2022;26(S1). Prilozhenie: Materialy X Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem ”Neotlozhnaya detskaya khirurgiya i travmatologiya” (Moscow, 16–19.02.2022). P. 82 (In Russ.) EDN: YXYLQRYanitskaya MYu, Mikhailenko BYu, Ostrovskii VG, et al. Comparative characteristics of safety of hydrostatic and pneumatic reduction of the intussusception in theory, experiment and practice. Vestnik novykh meditsinskikh tekhnologii [Internet]. 2017(2):231–239. doi: 10.12737/article_58f0b8942f4466.90324668 EDN: ZBADUPWang GD, Liu SJ. Enema reduction of intussusception by hydrostatic pressure under ultrasound guidance: A report of 377 cases. J Pediatr Surg. 1988;23(9):814–818. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(88)80229-xKaradag CA, Abbasoglu L, Sever N, et al. Ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception with saline: safe and effective. J Pediatr Surg. 2015;50(9):1563–1565. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.03.046Flaum V, Schneider A, Gomes C. Ferreira, et al. Twenty years’ experience for reduction of ileocolic intussusceptions by saline enema under sonography control. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2016;51(1):179–182. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.09.022Todani T, Sato Y, Watanabe Y, et al. Air reduction for intussusception in infancy and childhood: ultrasonographic diagnosis and management without x-ray exposure. Zeitschrift für Kinderchirurgie: organ der Deutschen, der Schweizerischen und der Osterreichischen Gesellschaft für Kinderchirurgie = Surgery in infancy and childhood. 1990;45(4):222–226. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1042586Yoon CH, Kim HJ, Goo HW. Intussusception in children: US-guided pneumatic reduction-initial experience. Radiology. 2001;218(1):85–88. doi: 10.1148/radiology.218.1.r01ja1085Gu L, Zhu H, Wang S, et al. Sonographic guidance of air enema for intussusception reduction in children. Pediatric radiology. 2000;30(5):339–342. doi: 10.1007/s002470050754Lee JH, Choi SH, Jeong YK, et al. Intermittent sonographic guidance in air enemas for reduction of childhood intussusception. J Ultrasound Med. 2006;25(9)1125–1130. doi: 10.7863/jum.2006.25.9.1125Ogarkov IP, Tsap NA, Chukreev VI, Lukashina NA. Znachenie dogospitalnogo etapa pri invaginatsii kishechnika dlya effektivnogo beskrovnogo lecheniya. Materialy V Vserossiiskoi konferentsii ”Neotlozhnaya detskaya khirurgiya i travmatologiya”, XIX Kongress pediatrov Rossii. Moscow, 2017. P. 438. (In Russ.)Ilivitzki A, Shtark LG, Arish K, Engel A. Deep sedation during pneumatic reduction of intussusception. Pediatr radiol. 2012;42(5):562–565. doi: 10.1007/s00247-011-2311-0Collins DL, Pinckney LE, Miller KE, et al. Hydrostatic reduction of ileocolic intussusception: a second attempt in the operating room with general anesthesia. J Pediatr. 1989;115(2):204–207. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(89)80066-6Brenn BR, Katz A. General anaesthesia may improve the success rate of hydrostatic reductions of intussusception. Paediatr anaesth. 1997;7(1):77–81. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.1997.d01-28.xPurenne E, Franchi-Abella S, Branchereau S, et al. General anesthesia for intussusception reduction by enema. Paediatr anaesth. 2012;22(12):1211–1215. doi: 10.1111/pan.12035Suzuki M, Hayakawa K, Nishimura K, et al. Intussusception: the role of general anesthesia during hydrostatic barium reduction. Radiat Med. 1999;17(2):121–124.Schneuer FJ, Bentley JP, Davidson AJ, et al. The impact of general anesthesia on child development and school performance: a population-based study. Paediatr Anaesth. 2018;28(6):528–536. doi: 10.1111/pan.13390Izmailov AG, Dobrokvashin SV, Volkov DE, et al. Ratsionalnaya antibiotikoterapiya u bolnykh s ostroi spaechnoi kishechnoi neprokhodimostyu v posleoperatsionnom periode. Sovremennaya meditsina. Travmatologiya / Ortopediya. Khirurgiya. 2016;2(2). (In Russ.)Gelfand BR, Burnevich SZ, Gelfand EB, Popov TV. Antibakterialnaya terapiya intraabdominalnykh khirurgicheskikh infektsii. Farmateka. 2003;1:68–73. (In Russ.)Kelley-Quon Lorraine I. Management of intussusception in children: A systematic review Lorraine I. Kelley-Quon, L. Grier Arthur, Regan F. Williams et al. J Pediatr Surg. 2021;56(3):587–596. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.09.055Lazarev VV. Neotlozhnaya pomoshch i intensivnaya terapiya v pediatrii. Moscow: MEDpress-inform. 2014. (In Russ.)Stepanenko SM. Anesteziologiya, reanimatologiya i intensivnaya terapiya u detei. 2016. (In Russ.) ISBN: 978-5-9704-3937-1Finkelson EI, Granikov OD, Petlakh VI, Blinnikov OI. Diagnosticheskaya i lechebnaya laparoskopiya v neotlozhnoi khirurgii detskogo vozrasta. Tezisy dokladov Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii khirurgov Endoskopiya v neotlozhnoi khirurgii organov bryushnoi polosti. Saratov, 1980. p. 96–97. (In Russ.)Cuckow PM, Slater RD, Najmaldin AS. Intussusception treated laparoscopically after failed air enema reduction. Surg Endosc. 1996;10(6):671–672. doi: 10.1007/BF00188527Poddoubnyi IV, Dronov AF, Blinnikov OI, et al. Laparoscopy in the treatment of intussusception in children. J Pediatr Surg. 1998;33(8):1194–1197. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(98)90149-xKia KF, Mony VK, Drongowski RA, et al. Laparoscopic vs open surgical approach for intussusception requiring operative intervention. J Pediatr Surg. 2005;40(1):281–284. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2004.09.026Bailey KA, Wales PW, Gerstle JT. Laparoscopic versus open reduction of intussusception in children: a single-institution comparative experience. J Pediatr Surg. 2007;42(5):845–848. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.12.037Burjonrappa SC. Laparoscopic reduction of intussusception: an evolving therapeutic option. JSLS: Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons. 2007;11(2):235–237.Bonnard A, Demarche M, Dimitriu C, et al. Indications for laparoscopy in the management of intussusception: A multicenter retrospective study conducted by the French Study Group for Pediatric Laparoscopy (GECI). J Pediatr Surg. 2008;43(7):1249–1253. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.11.022Fraser JD, Aguayo P, Ho B, et al. Laparoscopic management of intussusception in pediatric patients. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2009;19(4):563–565. doi: 10.1089/lap.2009.0117Karaseva OV, Zinoveva EYu, Keshishyan RA, Volkov MO. Lechenie invaginatsii kishok u detei starshe goda. XIV Kongress pediatrov Rossii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem ”Aktualnye problemy pediatrii”: sbornik materialov (Moscow, 15–18.02.2010). Moscow: Pediatr, 2010. P. 346. (In Russ.)Apelt N, Featherstone N, Giuliani S. Laparoscopic treatment of intussusception in children: a systematic review. J Pediatr Surg. 2013;48(8):P1789-17 doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.05.024Chui CH, Ong LY, Chua JHY, Yap TL. ”Chinese fan spread” distraction technique of laparoscopic reduction of intussusception. JSLS: Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons. 2007;11(2):238.Chang YT, Lee JY, Wang JY, et al. Early laparoscopy for ileocolic intussusception with multiple recurrences in children. Surg Endosc. 2009;23:2001–2004. doi: 10.1007/s00464-008-9977-xWang A, Prieto JM, Ward E, et al. Operative treatment for intussusception: Should an incidental appendectomy be performed? J Pediatr Surg. 2019;54(3):495–499. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.10.099Goldstein AM, Cho NL, Mazziotti MV, Zitsman JL. Pneumatically assisted laparoscopic reduction of intussusception. Pediatric Endosurgery and Innovative Techniques. 2003;7(1):33–37.Gorelik SG, Duganova MV. Reabilitatsiya stomirovannykh bolnykh Meditsinskaya sestra. 2017. №5. Available from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/reabilitatsiya-stomirovannyh-bolnyhPrikaz Ministerstva zdravookhraneniya Rossiiskoi Federatsii, 31.10.2012, № 562n ”Ob utverzhdenii Poryadka okazaniya meditsinskoi pomoshchi po profilyu ”detskaya khirurgiya” (In Russ.)Barbette P. Oeuvres chirurgiques et anatomiques. Paul Barbette. Genève, François Miege, 1675. 688 p.Hunter J. On introsusception. Trans Soc Improv Med Surg Knowledge. 1793;1:103–118.Hutchinson J. A Successful Case of Abdominal Section for Intussusception, with Remarks on this and other Methods of Treatment. Proc R Med Chir Soc. 1873;57:31–75. doi: 10.1177/095952877405700106McDermott VG. Childhood intussusception and approaches to treatment: a historical review. Pediatric radiology. 1994;24(3):153–155. doi: 10.1007/BF02012174Ravitch MM, McCune RM. Reduction of intussusception by barium enema: a clinical and experimental study. Ann Surg. 1948;128(5):904–917. doi: 10.1097/00000658-194811000-00003Hirschsprung H. Et tilfaelde af subakut tarminvagination. Hospitals-Tidende. 1876;3:321–327.Ladd WE. Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Intussusception. Boston Med Surg J. 1913;168:542–544.