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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">867</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ps867</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ZBGOJH</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Discussion</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Дискуссии</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Miscellaneous</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">To the question of a unified classification of peritonitis in children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>К вопросу о классификации перитонита у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9621-2512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safarov</surname><given-names>Abdullo S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафаров</surname><given-names>Абдулло Сафарович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="TJ">Tajikistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор</p></bio><email>safarbaha8080@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3534-9208</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3072-5037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharipov</surname><given-names>Aslamkhon M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарипов</surname><given-names>Асламхон Махмудович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="TJ">Tajikistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>aslam72@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1463-6806</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safarov</surname><given-names>Bаkhodur A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафаров</surname><given-names>Баходур Абдуллоевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="TJ">Tajikistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>safarbaha8080@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5647-0349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaripov</surname><given-names>Kholmurod Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарипов</surname><given-names>Холмурод Зардович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="TJ">Tajikistan</country></address><email>Zaripov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5407-7711</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7953-2802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Korokhonov</surname><given-names>Akhliddin T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корохонов</surname><given-names>Ахлиддин Тухтамуродович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="TJ">Tajikistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докторант</p></bio><email>karahonov1995@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Avicenna Tajik State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Таджикский государственный медицинский университет имени Абу Али Ибн Сины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shifobakhsh National Research Medical Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский центр Республики Таджикистан «Шифобахш»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-11-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-11-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>318</fpage><lpage>326</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-28"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-13"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Safarov A.S., Makhmudovich A.S., Safarov B.S., Zaripov K.Z., Korokhonov A.T.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safarov A.S., Makhmudovich A.S., Safarov B.S., Zaripov K.Z., Korokhonov A.T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-11-28"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/867">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/867</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A team of the authors, based on their multi-year experience in the diagnostics and management of peritonitis in children, and after reviewing domestic and international literature sources, concluded that, to-date, none of the existing classifications considers peritonitis as a polyetiological disease, a point acknowledged by all researchers dealing with this issue. Therefore, the authors have decided to develop a classification of peritonitis in children which would take into account all types of the disease and their complications.</p> <p>The proposed classification consists of 11 rubrics which categorize peritonitis by its course (acute and chronic), cause (primary, secondary, tertiary), etiology (aseptic, bacterial), route of infection penetration into the abdominal cavity, microbial factor, exudate nature and abdominal contents, as well as process extension, stage of purulent-septic process, type of purulent process development, complications, and outcomes.</p> <p>In the rubric on peritonitis causes, the authors analyze in details the controversial topic on the tertiary peritonitis. Its division into progressive and low-grade is motivated by the fact that just these types are those factors which determine the development of complications in the postoperative period.</p> <p>As to the extension of peritonitis, the authors support the opinion of the majority of authors who propose to divide peritonitis into the local and generalized one. Local peritonitis is classified by the authors as abscesses of types 1–3 and infiltrates, so called limited processes.</p> <p>As to the types of purulent process formation, the authors also support the division of peritonitis into free, partially abscessing, totally abscessing, infiltrative (loose, dense), and mixed; outcomes of the disease are divided into “recovery” and “fatal” categories. In terms of “recovery”, it is divided into “complete” and “having late complications” (intestinal fistulas, adhesive disease, postoperative hernias), which reflect the effectiveness of the disease management.</p> <p>The authors propose their classification of peritonitis in children for discussion among pediatric surgeons. They also welcome any opinions and suggestions from pediatric surgeons in Commonwealth of Independent States countries, so as to improve this classification.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>С учётом собственного многолетнего опыта в диагностике и лечении перитонитов у детей, а также на основании изучения отечественных и зарубежных источников литературы коллектив авторов пришёл к выводу, что до сих пор ни в одной из существующих классификаций перитонит не рассматривался с точки зрения полиэтиологического заболевания, на что указывают все исследователи, занимающиеся данной проблемой. В этой связи нами принято решение составить классификацию перитонитов у детей, в которой учитываются все виды болезни и их осложнения.</p> <p>Предложенная нами классификация состоит из 11 рубрик, где перитониты делятся по течению (острый и хронический), причине (первичный, вторичный, третичный), этиологии (асептический, бактериальный), пути проникновения инфекции в брюшную полость, микробному фактору, характеру экссудата и содержимого брюшной полости, распространённости, стадии развития гнойно-септического процесса, типу формирования гнойного процесса, осложнениям и исходу болезни.</p> <p>В рубрике, посвящённой причинам перитонита, нами детально рассматривается дискутабельная тема третичного перитонита, деление которого на прогрессирующий и вялотекущий обусловлено тем, что именно эти разновидности становятся определяющим фактором развития осложнений в послеоперационном периоде.</p> <p>Что касается распространённости перитонитов, здесь мы солидарны с мнением большинства авторов, предлагающих делить их на местные и распространённые. В разделе местных перитонитов к ограниченным процессам нами отнесены абсцесс 1–3-го типа и инфильтрат.</p> <p>Рассматривая типы формирования гнойного процесса, мы также поддерживаем деление перитонитов на свободный, частично абсцедирующий, тотально абсцедирующий, инфильтративный (рыхлый, плотный) и смешанный, а исходы болезни делим на «выздоровление» и «летальный исход». В свою очередь «выздоровление» подразумевает деление на «полное» и «с поздними осложнениями» (сформированные кишечные свищи, спаечная болезнь, послеоперационные грыжи), что отражает степень эффективности проведённого лечения.</p> <p>Предложенную нами классификацию перитонита у детей выносим на обсуждение детских хирургов, вместе с тем с интересом будем ждать мнения, а также предложений от всех детских хирургов СНГ с целью усовершенствования данной классификации.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>peritonitis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>discussion</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>перитонит</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>дискуссия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Fedorov VD. Treatment of peritonitis. Moscow: Meditsina; 1974. 224 p. 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