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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Детская хирургия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1560-9510</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0677</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">868</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/ps868</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">QMNVMT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The first experience in retrograde intrarenal surgery for treating calyceal diverticula in children</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Первый опыт применения ретроградной интраренальной хирургии в лечении чашечковых дивертикулов у детей</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7162-294X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6045-2879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>kuznetsovamasha-98@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-7110</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9308-5014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovarskiy</surname><given-names>Semen L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коварский</surname><given-names>Семён Львович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>sim3150@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0780-9254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Menovschikova</surname><given-names>Ludmila Borisovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меновщикова</surname><given-names>Людмила Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>ludmilam-2205@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8415-4968</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8774-5827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>Andrey I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>Андрей Игоревич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>zaharov@pedurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1947-1035</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1896-9823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Struianskii</surname><given-names>Kirill A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Струянский</surname><given-names>Кирилл Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>kirill-str89@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9574-7462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tekotov</surname><given-names>Aleksey N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Текотов</surname><given-names>Алексей Николаевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>altekotov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-6287</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3220-9190</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyarova</surname><given-names>Tatyana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Склярова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>info@pedurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7949-0670</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrukhina</surname><given-names>Yulia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрухина</surname><given-names>Юлия Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>petrukhina-j@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Betanov</surname><given-names>Zilim V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бетанов</surname><given-names>Зилим Вячеславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>betanov@pedurology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-5709</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9612-6850</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pepelyaeva</surname><given-names>Irina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пепеляева</surname><given-names>Ирина Максимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>irina_pepelyaeva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5032-5741</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8276-6249</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusifova</surname><given-names>Ulviya I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсифова</surname><given-names>Ульвия Исмихан-кызы</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>u.yusifova.u@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Filatov N.F. Children's City Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница имени Н.Ф. Филатова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-08-11" publication-format="electronic"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>234</fpage><lpage>241</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-28"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-25"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-08-26"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/868">https://jps-nmp.ru/jour/article/view/868</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> A calyceal diverticulum is quite a rare pathology in children. It also poses diagnostic challenges for physicians. The incidence of calyceal diverticula ranges from 3.3 to 4 cases per 1000 children. The gold standard for its diagnostics is computed tomography with intravenous contrast. All diverticula with dimensions exceeding 2.5 cm or more are subject to surgical treatment due to the risk of developing urinary tract infection, pain and possible stone formation. A modern and promising management technique in such patients is retrograde intrarenal surgery.</p> <p>The article presents the first Russian experience of application of retrograde intrarenal surgery for calyceal diverticula in children.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To assess the effectiveness of a new minimally invasive method of retrograde intrarenal surgery for treating patients with calyceal diverticula.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:<italic> </italic></bold>The authors present their experience on application of retrograde intrarenal surgery for treating calyceal diverticula in 15 patients aged from 6 to 17 years who were admitted to the Department of Urology in N.F. Filatov State Clinical Hospital in Moscow during 2022–2024. All patients had a single diverticulum, and its size was ≥2.5 cm. In 14 children, diverticula were located in the small renal cup, and only in one child it was in the large cup. Preoperative examination included ultrasound and computed tomography with intravenous contrast to assess the communicative function with the renal collector system. Concrements in the diverticular cavity were seen in 6 patients. Surgery was done under endotracheal anesthesia.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> All patients were discharged on the third postoperative day with satisfactory urine and blood test findings and without pain. The children were repeatedly hospitalized in 4 weeks so as to remove the stent and to assess the calyceal diverticulum size: in 9 cases—decreased size of the cystic cavity and no complaints; in 6 cases—repeated surgical intervention, probably due to the insufficient size of artificially created fistula at the stages of technique mastering; after the size of cystic cavity got smaller.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> Retrograde intrarenal surgery is a minimally invasive, promising and effective technique for treating cystic kidney malformations which is being actively implemented by urologists in their practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Чашечковый дивертикул ― трудно диагностируемое и достаточно редкое заболевание детского возраста. Частота встречаемости чашечковых дивертикулов колеблется от 3,3 до 4 случаев на 1000 детей. Золотым стандартом диагностики является компьютерная томография с внутривенным контрастированием. Все дивертикулы размером ≥2,5 см подлежат хирургическому лечению ввиду риска развития инфекции мочевыводящих путей, появления болевого синдрома и возможного камнеобразования в полости дивертикула. Современным и перспективным методом лечения является ретроградная интраренальная хирургия.</p> <p>В статье представлен первый в России опыт использования ретроградной интраренальной хирургии в лечении чашечковых дивертикулов у детей.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> ― оценить новый малоинвазивный метод ретроградной интраренальной хирургии в лечении пациентов с чашечковыми дивертикулами.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Продемонстрирован опыт использования ретроградной интраренальной хирургии в лечении чашечковых дивертикулов у 15 пациентов в возрасте от 6 до 17 лет, наблюдаемых в период с 2022 по 2024 год в отделении урологии ДГКБ им. Н.Ф. Филатова. У всех пациентов дивертикулы были единичные и их размер составлял ≥2,5 см. У 14 детей дивертикулы располагались в малых чашечках почки и только у одного ребёнка ― в большой чашечке. Предоперационное обследование включало ультразвуковое исследование и компьютерную томографию с внутривенным контрастированием для определения сообщения с коллекторной системой почки. У 6 пациентов наблюдались конкременты в полости дивертикула. Операция проводилась под эндотрахеальным наркозом.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Все пациенты выписаны на третьи послеоперационные сутки с удовлетворительными результатами анализов мочи и крови и отсутствием болевого синдрома. Повторная госпитализация для удаления стента и оценки размеров чашечкового дивертикула проводилась через 4 недели: в 9 случаях отмечалось уменьшение размеров кистозной полости и полное отсутствие жалоб; в 6 случаях, связанных, вероятно, с недостаточным размером искусственно созданного соустья на этапах освоения методики, потребовалось повторное оперативное вмешательство, приведшее к снижению размеров кистозной полости.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Ретроградная интраренальная хирургия ― малоинвазивный, перспективный и эффективный метод лечения кистозных пороков развития почек, активно внедряемый урологами в свою практику.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retrograde intrarenal surgery</kwd><kwd>flexible ureterorenoscopy</kwd><kwd>intrarenal infundibulotomy</kwd><kwd>calyx diverticulum</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретроградная интраренальная хирургия</kwd><kwd>гибкая уретерореноскопия</kwd><kwd>интраренальная инфундибулотомия</kwd><kwd>чашечковый дивертикул</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Oganisyan AA, Vrublevskij SG, Vrublevskij AS, et al. 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