RADIATION DIAGNOSIS OF ABDOMINAL TRAUMA IN CHILDREN



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Abstract

Blunt abdominal trauma is one of the leading causes of the morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Among all the causes of deaths due to injury, abdominal damage accounted of about 10%, and in children - 8.5%. Timely imaging takes a key place in assessing abdominal injury in traumatized children. Computer tomography (CT) is a method of visualization that allows recognize and evaluate characteristic signs of the traumatic damage in hemodynamically stable children. Modern multislice spiral computer tomographs (MSCT) provide high quality of the image due to the improvement of both scanning methods and post-processing facilities. Currently, CT allows most accurately detect lesions of parenchymal and hollow organs, as well as reveal and quantify intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal fluid and blood. In addition, CT has an exceptional sensitivity in the diagnosis of the combined trauma of various organs and systems. The use of CT as the main screening method for the examination of traumatized children along with the improvement of maintenance therapy plays a crucial role in the success of the not operative treatment of trauma to parenchymatous organs. The rapid assessment of the state of traumatized children according to CT findings also contributed to the decline of the incidence of complications and mortality rate. The decision about surgical intervention in a small number of children in need of surgical treatment is primarily made on the basis of clinical criteria, not CT results. Thus, CT mainly determines non-operative decisions regarding, for example, duration of hospitalization, intensity of care and limitation of the activity. In this paper, we propose a standardized CT technique and the main symptomatology that determines the severity of the damage of abdominal organs in children, based on own experience, taking into account the world literature data on CT.

About the authors

T. A. Akhadov

Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology

Author for correspondence.
Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

O. V. Karaseva

Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

T. A. Chernyshova

Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

N. A. Semenova

Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

I. A. Mel’Nikov

Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology

Email: iliamed@inbox.ru
Russian Federation

M. V. Ublinskiy

Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

A. V. Manzhurtsev

Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

P. E. Men’Shchikov

Research Institute of Urgent Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology

Email: noemail@neicon.ru
Russian Federation

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